What is Endometriosis (chocolate cyst)?

Endometriosis is a disease that occurs when endometrial cells that should form in the uterus are formed in another region other than the uterus. Under normal conditions, endometrial tissue should only grow inside the uterus. However, in some cases, it can grow in another place other than the uterus. For example, it can grow in the ovaries, bladder, outside of the uterus, and even in the intestines. This tissue that grows outside of the uterus is defined as endometriosis. When endometriosis grows outside of the uterus, it can come into contact with the organs in which it grows and nearby, causing them to become irritated. As a result of contact and irritation, pain and adhesions occur in the person.

What are the symptoms of endometriosis?

The majority of women with endometriosis suffer from inguinal pain, abdominal pain and painful menstruation. However, some patients may not show any symptoms. If endometriosis has caused adhesions, it can make it difficult to conceive. For some patients, it may be impossible to conceive. The presence of endometriosis in women with infertility problems is around 35-50%.

How is endometriosis detected?

The definitive diagnosis of endometriosis is made by the laparoscopy method. With the laparoscopy method, endometriosis can be detected by examining whether it causes adhesions or not. If endometriosis is located in the ovaries, it can cause chocolate cysts to form. Chocolate cyst is found in the majority of endometriosis patients. If the person has a chocolate cyst, it can be detected by ultrasonography. Laparoscopic surgery is used to treat chocolate cysts. However, chocolate cysts can be completely eliminated with surgical procedures.